A Leader NEVER Uses The People
1 Chronicles 21:1–4 (ESV) Then Satan stood against Israel and incited David to number Israel. 2 So David said to Joab and the commanders of the army, “Go, number Israel, from Beersheba to Dan, and bring me a report, that I may know their number.” 3 But Joab said, “May the LORD add to his people a hundred times as many as they are! Are they not, my lord the king, all of them my lord’s servants? Why then should my lord require this? Why should it be a cause of guilt for Israel?” 4 But the king’s word prevailed against Joab. So Joab departed and went throughout all Israel and came back to Jerusalem.
This chapter picks up on a particular sin of David recorded also in 2 Samuel 24. David takes a census of the nation. The account in 2 Samuel 24 says God was the instigator of the moment. Here, it is Satan. Why the difference? It's the Bible's way of saying the same thing in two ways. Yes, Satan incited David but the Lord was ultimately in charge of the entire moment.
The narrative of 2 Samuel provides us with a reason for David's irrational request. He wanted to know who was still with him after Absalom's rebellion. Here in 1 Chronicles the temptation is different. David is thinking about the temple being built and defended. If he is going to leave this job to his son, he wants him well supplied (workers) and well-defended (military). Both a military and workforce were acquired in ancient times through a national census.
At the heart of it, David was thinking the people were at his disposal to accomplish his plans. It's a mistake Saul made early on and David only makes here. We must remember there was a law in the Torah about census taking:
Exodus 30:12 (ESV) “When you take the census of the people of Israel, then each shall give a ransom for his life to the LORD when you number them, that there be no plague among them when you number them.
Not only were the people to give a ransom to the Lord they were to ceremonially wash so that they did not spread disease (we know something of this in 2020, right?). God was reminding the people of two realities here: First, the people were his and so a ransom was required. Second, the people were sinful and cleansing was needed.
The real sin here, however, lay with David. He's immediately judged by the Lord and given three options in descending length order:
1 Chronicles 21:11–12 (ESV) So Gad came to David and said to him, “Thus says the LORD, ‘Choose what you will: 12 either three years of famine, or three months of devastation by your foes while the sword of your enemies overtakes you, or else three days of the sword of the LORD, pestilence on the land, with the angel of the LORD destroying throughout all the territory of Israel.’ Now decide what answer I shall return to him who sent me.”
David chooses the shortest option but also the option with God in total control of the impact. David knows God's mercy will keep Israel the safest in judgment. It will be the mercy of God that keeps the angel from destroying Jerusalem. Why? Because that is where the Temple will be. That is where Christ Himself will arrive and be rejected.
In complete irony, David's sin of counting the people for his own glory results in him purchasing a plot of land for the foundation of the Temple to which Christ will come having set aside His glory for the sake of the people. He comes to Ornan the Jebusite and offers to buy it. Ornan offers it for free and David's heart has changed completely:
1 Chronicles 21:24–27 (ESV) But King David said to Ornan, “No, but I will buy them for the full price. I will not take for the LORD what is yours, nor offer burnt offerings that cost me nothing.” 25 So David paid Ornan 600 shekels of gold by weight for the site. 26 And David built there an altar to the LORD and presented burnt offerings and peace offerings and called on the LORD, and the LORD answered him with fire from heaven upon the altar of burnt offering. 27 Then the LORD commanded the angel, and he put his sword back into its sheath.
David comes full circle in this chapter to model Christ here. Leadership in God's economy never uses the people for the leader's sake. Leadership gives their lives for the people's sake. Leadership is exemplified in Christ who knew who He was in the Father rather than in the eyes of men. Leadership that doesn't need the people can serve the people. It's a leadership rooted in love, which comes to us from God the Holy Spirit.
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